Gender differences in impulsivity and decision-making are not well represented in the substance abuse literature that has been conducted to date. The present study was conducted in order to bridge this gap in existing research. Participants consisted of 24 substance abusing adults (12 men, 12 women) between the ages of 18 and 69 recruited from The Josselyn Center, a community mental health center in the north suburbs of Illinois. Performances on the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Eleventh Edition (BIS-11) and the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) were analyzed. Overall, it was predicted that men and women would differ in the type of impulsivity that they displayed on the BIS-11 and the decision-making ability they demonstrated on the IGT. The first hypothesis, which proposed that men would demonstrate a higher level of Motor Impulsiveness on the BIS-11, was disconfirmed. The second hypothesis, which proposed that women would demonstrate a higher level of Nonplanning Impulsiveness on the BIS-11, was also disconfirmed. The third hypothesis, which proposed that male substance abusers would demonstrate a greater number of decision-making deficits on the IGT in comparison to female substance abusers, was equally disconfirmed. It is believed that the small sample size of this study contributed to the nonsignificant results obtained by the participants in relation to all three hypotheses. The implications of this study and directions for future research will be examined.