Mistaken identifications are the primary contributor to wrongful convictions. Though many studies have examined when these errors are likely to occur, research has yet to identify who these errors are most likely to affect. I address this oversight by arguing that the type of crime committed affects who eyewitnesses misidentify. Study 1 showed that people have stereotypes about a perpetrator's level of perceived Black stereotypicality that vary by the type of crime committed. Study 2 demonstrated that these stereotypes affect eyewitness identifications in a stereotype-consistent manner: A target accused of a stereotypically Black crime was remembered as being higher on perceived Black stereotypicality than was a target accused of a stereotypically White crime. These findings were replicated with a different set of crimes (Studies 3 and 4) and were produced by encoding errors (Study 4). This demonstrates that the type of crime committed systematically affects who eyewitnesses mistakenly identify.