The present study focused on an area of major interest to psychologists—the relation between sex-typing and adjustment. Research in this area has generally been conducted from one of two perspectives, one which characterizes sex-typing as good for psychological adjustment (Kagan, 1964) and the other which characterizes sex-typing as bad for psychological adjustment (Bem, 1981). Recent findings show that felt gender typicality is positively associated with adjustment (e.g., Egan & Perry, 2001). However, because of differing views regarding the implications of sex-typing for adjustment as well as the assumption that felt gender typicality is a direct reflection of an individual’s level of sex-typing, these findings are controversial. To address this issue we examined the following questions: (1) what is the relation between felt gender typicality and sex-typing? and (2) do felt gender typicality and sex-typing have similar consequences and implications for adjustment? We also explored (3) whether other aspects of gender, namely the importance (centrality), value (evaluation), and feelings of pressure (felt pressure) children associate with their gender identity would moderate felt gender typicality and sex-typing’s relations with adjustment. Interviews were obtained from 194 (n = 110 female, n = 84 males) participants ages 4.42 to 13.75 years (M = 9.13). Measures included indices of felt gender typicality, sex-typing, centrality, evaluation, felt pressure, and several adjustment measures. Not surprisingly, results showed that sex-typing was positively associated with felt gender typicality. Importantly, however, results also showed that sex-typing and felt gender typicality had unique implications for adjustment. Whereas felt gender typicality was consistently, positively related to adjustment, results with sex-typing were mixed, with sex-typing sometimes being beneficial and at other times being detrimental for adjustment. In addition, there was some indication that children’s feelings about their gender identity moderated felt gender typicality and sex-typing’s relations with adjustment, although no consistent pattern emerged. These results suggest that research showing a positive relation between felt gender typicality and adjustment is not necessarily in conflict with previous research linking sex-typing to poor adjustment. Implications for future research are discussed.