Cannabis dependence is a growing problem among individuals who use marijuana, the most commonly used illicit drug. While heavy marijuana use clearly precipitates dependence, and marijuana-related cues induce reactions similar to those elicited by other drugs of abuse, the neurobiological basis of cue-elicited craving for marijuana is unknown. Past functional imaging studies of alcohol-, nicotine-, and cocaine-dependent individuals have demonstrated that drug-related cues elicit activation of structures in the mesolimbic dopamine pathway and its ascending projections, including the ventral tegmental area (VTA), ventral striatum, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), insula, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and these activations correlate positively with increases in subjective craving. This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine the neural correlates of cue-elicited craving for marijuana. While undergoing an fMRI scan, 48 regular marijuana users were presented with marijuana-related and control tactile cues and subsequently rated their craving for marijuana. Whole-brain and region-of-interest analyses revealed that, as compared to the control cue, the marijuana-related cue elicited greater activation in motor and visual areas, bilateral VTA, posterior ACC, right anterior insula, and right lateral OFC. However, activation in these areas was not correlated with subjective craving for marijuana during cue presentation, changes in craving after cue presentation, or participants’ intent to use marijuana. Taken together, these data imply that a marijuana-related cue evokes a pattern of brain activation similar to that elicited by other drug cues, but suggest that this activation may not be associated with conscious craving for marijuana or intent to use it. Implications for further study of cannabis dependence and development of treatment strategies for this disorder are discussed, with the conclusion that amelioration of cue-elicited brain activation may be an index of treatment efficacy.