Although much research related to deceptive behavior and its detection has been conducted in the last several years, little of it has focused on deception outside of a North American context. Similarly, most deceptive research has investigated face-to-face verbal communication and neglected computer-mediated communication. As a result, this dissertation is an effort to better understand how computer-mediated communication and espoused cultural values affect deceptive behavior and deception detection. The proposed research model posits relationships between computer-mediated communication media, cue detection, media familiarity, national culture, espoused cultural values, veracity judgment success, and deceptive behavior. An experiment was conducted which looked across two national cultures, Spain and the U.S. Participants served as judges by viewing stimulus tapes via a computer and giving veracity judgments either within or between cultures. Data were collected from a total of 210 subjects and analyzed using structural equation modeling, general linear modeling, and t-tests. Results suggest that Spanish judges were better able to detect deception within their own culture, whereas American judges were better able to detect deception across cultures. Furthermore, the espoused cultural values of masculinity and universalism increased deceptive behavior. Finally, computer-mediated communication was found to increase deceptive behavior relative to face-to-face communication.