This investigation explored perceptions and opinions of Black male student-athletes who were participating in various sports at the Division 1 level, as sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The focus of the investigation was on gathering qualitative information, heretofore not obtained, about factors that Black male student-athletes believed contributed to their success in their sport at the Division 1 level. More specifically, race and its role in sport participation were considered along with the extent to which Black male student-athletes judged their educational and related personal needs as being met in the university context. Twenty-six Black male student-athletes from two NCAA sanctioned Division 1 universities were interviewed, using a semi-structured format, regarding general and cultural influences on their athletic careers and the relationship of these influences to their success. A grounded theory method was used to analyze interview responses. The findings suggest that Black Male student-athletes participating in sports at the NCAA Division 1 level attribute familial influences, environments of origin, and experiences with Black males as being central to their success in the classroom and in athletic venues. Areas of need identified by Black male student-athletes included academic advisement, psychological support, and being able to effectively balance student and athletic identities. Respondents believed that their coaches, academic advisers, and other athletic department professionals contributed to their success in the classroom and in sport settings by being able to meet their needs. Based on the results of the investigation, and as part of this dissertation, educational guidelines were formulated for university professionals who provide services to Black male student-athletes who participate in sports at the NCAA Division 1 level.