Interference with sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus ) chemical communication may offer effective and benign methods to manage their populations in the Great Lakes where they are destructive predators of large fishes. Previous studies showed that a mating pheromone, putatively consisting of 3-keto petromyzonol sulfate (3kPZS) and 3-keto allocholic acid (3kACA), is excreted by spermiated males and directs ovulated females to spawning nests. Synthesized 3kPZS elicits preference responses in ovulated females in a natural stream, but it is unknown if 3kPZS is the only component of the mating pheromone and whether female responses to synthesized 3kPZS are sufficiently strong to merit its use in management. I hypothesized that 3kPZS would elicit robust upstream movements in ovulated females, directing them into traps and luring them away from natural male odorants. In this dissertation, in-stream behavioral tests showed that ovulated females responded with robust upstream movement directly to the source of synthesized 3kPZS concentrations ranging from 10^-10 to 10^-14 molar (M) and in diverse stream conditions. Ovulated female responses to 3kPZS are sufficiently strong to support utility in management where nearly 50% of ovulated females were captured in 3kPZS-baited traps and high concentrations of 3kPZS lured females away from and disrupted orientation to a natural pheromone source. Given that 3kPZS induced ovulated females to migrate upstream, and that it was recently discovered that sea lamprey larvae release 3kPZS, responses of pre-ovulatory females to 3kPZS were re-evaluated at night. Contrary to previous studies, 3kPZS induced strong preference responses in preovulatory females not differing from that elicited by larval migratory pheromone over long distances. 3kPZS may not function specifically as a mating pheromone component, but as a pheromone component that induces directed migration in spawning-phase females regardless of maturity. Therefore, 3kPZS may have greater impacts on sea lamprey management than previously conceived, as it could potentially be used to modify the behavior and distribution of females during the entire migratory period, in addition to the spawning period. However, when 3kPZS and natural mating pheromone were compared directly, it was clear that additional pheromone components were released by males to retain females on nests and induce mating behaviors. 3kACA, previously hypothesized to retain ovulated females on nests, was extensively tested in streams, but it did not modify ovulated female behavior. A new in-stream bioassay was developed to confirm that XAD7HP resin extracted unidentified pheromone components that induced mating behaviors, and that spermiated males release all behaviorally active pheromone components through the head region. Future identification of additional pheromone components from XAD7HP extract using the in-stream bioassay will enable mating pheromone components to be fully characterized and all potential mating pheromone-based management tactics to be realized. Synthesized 3kPZS must be tested in management contexts containing wild lampreys to confirm its utility for sea lamprey control.