The purpose of the present study was to examine the validity of combining cognitive constructs presented in two principal cognitive approaches to career theory: cognitive information processing theory (CIP) and social cognitive career theory (SCCT). An exploratory factor analysis was conducted with the items from four cognitive measures used to measure the constructs of these theories. This analysis yielded a four factor model suggesting a different factor structure from what is currently being utilized for these measures. These four factors were identified as Factor 1: negative career thoughts, Factor 2: career decision-making self-efficacy, Factor 3: self-motivation and commitment to career decision making, and Factor 4: discouragement in career indecision. The overall contribution of CIP, SCCT, and the combined model to the prediction of self-exploration, environmental exploration, and level of career decidedness were compared using a series of regression analyses. The combined model did not consistently predict for the outcome variables over and above CIP and SCCT as hypothesized. However, the comparison of beta weights for factors from each model suggested that the combined model's factors have stronger, more unique predictive power than CIP and SCCT. Implications for future research and career counseling are discussed.