The child welfare system is the primary mechanism for addressing child maltreatment once it has occurred, with a process designed to reintegrate maltreated children back into their family or, if not possible, to find a suitable alternative. This dissertation addresses the reintegration, or reunification, portion of the process in connection with maltreating adolescent mothers. Currently, little is known about this population, their outcomes or what happens to them during the reunification process. This dissertation takes the first step in filling that void. It provides foundational analysis using the population of maltreating adolescent mothers involved in the Los Angeles County child welfare system in 2003 and 2004. The analysis shows that this population is unique. They are different from both the general adolescent mother population and adult maltreating parents. They are also a vulnerable population facing difficult circumstances. With respect to their outcomes, placing a child with an adolescent mother's relative decreases the likelihood that she will regain custody. Extending the time period in which an adolescent mother has to resolve her underlying problems, however, significantly increases the chance that she will regain custody. With respect to subsequent maltreatment once the child is returned to the adolescent mother's care, the time in which a child remained out of an adolescent mother's custody does not change the likelihood of another incident. The policy and research implications of these findings are discussed.