This descriptive quantitative research investigated the within-group and between group differences in supervisor and counselor perceptions of actual and preferred work behaviors of Massachusetts’ Adult Basic Education counselors. Role theory provided the conceptual framework, most notably the premise that supervisors and counselors need to have high measure of agreement in perceptions to reduce role ambiguity and role conflict which may lead to job dissatisfaction. Data consisted of responses to a questionnaire modified from The School Counseling Rating Scale (SCARS) (Scarborough, 2002). It was concluded that Massachusetts’ Adult Basic Education counselors and their supervisors are in agreement on time spent in actual work roles, but counselors are subject to stress from the incongruency between the counselors’ and supervisors’ perception of preferred counselor role. Recommendations were made for the improvement of counseling programs and advancement of Adult Basic Education counselor profession. Recommendations for further research were proposed.