In this thesis we analyze the phenomenology of a particular class of models which are an extension of the Standard Model of particle physics, and go by the name of warped extra dimensions. We show how this very simple framework, which is motivated by trying to find a solution to the hierarchy problem, is capable of leading to a vast and rich phenomenology not only in particle physics but also in cosmology. The flexibility of this framework has allowed us to learn about model building techniques in particle physics, collider phenomenology and furthermore to make a link with cosmology. Regarding the latter link, we see that when we combine warped extra dimensions with the other major new physics scenario supersymmetry, we are able to account for the excess of baryons over anti-baryons in the Universe. Furthermore, we show that once we have an extra spatial dimension we can accommodate the Higgs field as the fifth component of our gauge bosons. This leads to the models that go by the name of Gauge-Higgs Unification (GHU). We construct a particular model and calculate the Higgs potential at one-loop showing that all SM masses can be accommodated and we obtain a Higgs mass in the acceptable range between 115 GeV and 160 GeV. Lastly, we analyze the interesting collider phenomenology derived from this scenario and show the detection possibilities at the next Large Hadron Collider (LHC).