Abstract: This study examined the construct validity of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI; Raskin & Hall, 1979), as a measure of overt or grandiose narcissism, and the Narcissistic Personality Disorder Scale (NPDS; Ashby, 1978; Ashby, Lee, & Duke, 1979), as a measure of covert or hypersensitive narcissism. Results of earlier investigations have repeatedly demonstrated a weak and nonsignificant correlation between the two measures. A rationale for this lack of convergent validity was presented in a review of psychodynamic theory, and discussed in terms of the differences in scale development and construction. To provide validity evidence for the NPI and the NPDS as measures of two different types of maladaptive narcissism, that have an underlying etiological foundation, a pattern of differential correlations between the narcissism scales and three measures of related constructs was predicted. The five self-report inventories were administered to 43 male and 57 female college students. Results indicated significant differences between the correlations of the NPI and the NPDS with the measures of self-concept incongruence (Self-Concept Incongruence Scale; Weedman, Warren, & Marx, 1974) and depression proneness (Self-Criticism factor of the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire; Blatt, D'Afflitti, & Quinlan, 1976), providing support for the distinction between the NPI and the NPDS as measures of paradoxical narcissistic traits. A positive correlation between the NPDS and the measure of object relations deficits (Bell Object Relations Inventory; Bell, 1995) provided additional evidence for the NPDS as a measure of narcissistic dysfunction. A negative correlation between the NPI and object relations deficits, however, did not substantiate the ties between the NPI and maladjustment. Contrary to expectation, a negative correlation between the two narcissism measures indicated that the scales might be more polarized than suggested by earlier investigations. These results provided further support for the distinction between the scales as measures of overt and covert narcissism, but did not provide evidence of a positive association between the NPI and the NPDS as measures of developmental deficits in narcissistic functioning.