This study examined the impact of university training, national training standards, and educational legislation on the role of school psychologists. A random sample of 500 National Association of School Psychology (NASP) members was surveyed. Two hundred and four respondents completed the survey (response rate = 41%). Overall, time (post IDEA 2004) devoted to assessment significantly decreased while time devoted to intervention, preventative services, and team collaboration significantly increased. Time devoted to the four roles that changed significantly post IDEA 2004 was not associated with respondent demographic characteristics.

The NASP standards (1984 or 2000) in place at the time of the respondents' graduation was associated with the amount of time respondents currently devote to direct counseling services. Respondents that graduated while the 1984 NASP standards were in place devote an average of 4.11% of their time to direct counseling services. Respondents that graduated while the 2000 NASP standards were in place devote an average of 13.23% of their time to direct counseling services. The amount of time devoted to psychological assessment, intervention, preventative services, consultation, team collaboration, applied research/program evaluation, or systems/organizational consultation roles was not associated with the NASP standards in place at the time of graduation.

The average level of perceived preparedness for each role described on the questionnaire was significantly different from the Likert scale response of 1 (not prepared) indicating that, on average, respondents perceived that they were at least somewhat prepared to perform every role described on the questionnaire. The greatest number of respondents felt that they need additional training in progress monitoring of intervention fidelity, followed by various models of RtI, research based assessment, how to implement RtI, progress monitoring of intervention effectiveness, curriculum-based measurement, and “other”. Implications of the findings and suggested future research directions were discussed.