Abstract: The objective of the current doctoral project is to conduct a comprehensive literature review on Applied Behavior Analysis, the most highly researched treatment for autism to date. Applied Behavior Analysis is known as an effective treatment for autism and is the subject of a famous 1987 University of California Los Angeles Study by Ivar Lovaas. This study, based on the earlier research analysis by B. F. Skinner, demonstrated that individuals diagnosed with autism experienced effective treatment planning outcomes as a result of their participation in Applied Behavior Analysis training. Competing methodologies for the treated of autism exist; however, Applied Behavior Analysis is the only treatment for autism with the greatest amount of empirical data to support its standing reliably superior treatment program for individuals diagnosed with autism. Treatment fidelity of autism, utilizing Applied Behavior Analysis methodologies, is of paramount importance in ensuring that this will be effective for the program participant for whom the treatment is being administered. The cost of implementation of Applied Behavior Analysis is a significant consideration for potential consumers of the treatment program for autism.