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Abstract:
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is recognized as the leading cause of injuries to women in the United States. It is vital that IPV victims accurately perceive their level of risk so they can take necessary steps to implement appropriate safety planning. Using correlational analysis this study examined the relationship between Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), measured by Davidson Trauma Scale (Davidson, 1996), dissociation, measured by Dissociative Experiences Scale (Carlson & Putnam, 1993), IPV victims' perception of risk, measured by Women's Experience with Battering (Smith et al., 1995) and two single-item questions, which have been used in previous research (e.g., Campbell, 2004). This research also explored the relationship between victim's actuarial risk of danger, measured by the Danger Assessment (DA) scale (Campbell, 1986), victim's perception of risk, and victims' change-in-perception-of risk. Perception of risk was assessed before and after participants received their weighted DA scores and corresponding risk of danger. The study sample included 125 IPV women from a family justice center in Southern California. Mean age of the sample was 34 (SD = 9), 42% were white, the majority (74%) had some college or higher education, 61% had attempted to terminate their relationship in the past, and the vast majority (84%) wanted to terminate their relationship at the time of this study. Findings from correlational analyses indicated that the more victims suffered from PTSD symptoms the greater they perceived their level of risk and the greater victims' level of danger, the greater they perceived their level of risk. Over two-thirds of the sample changed their perception of risk after receiving DA scores. Greater victims' dissociative symptoms were not found to be associated with victims' lower perception of risk. Exploratory analysis indicated a negative association between dissociation and perception of risk after controlling for PTSD symptoms. Victims' perception of risk was also found to be lower if the abuser was the victims' spouse. These findings stress the importance of using effective screening instruments to accurately assess victim's level of risk and to help victims' accurately perceive their level of danger.
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