The Catalonians represent a community whose inhabitants, in large part, have the sentiment that they are a nation and who have struggled historically for the right to maintain their language and exercise their political autonomy within the Spanish state. My research analyzes, describes and interprets the social integration policies and programs being developed by the Secretariat of Immigration Issues within Catalonia's government, the Generalitat of Catalonia, in response to its new ethnically, religiously, and racially diverse immigrant population. At the same time, I focus on and deconstruct how the particular forces involving the recent immigration of Moroccan Muslims affects the ongoing construction of the Generalitat's social integration policies. Parallel to this, my study looks at some of the forces at play in relation to Moroccan Muslims claims for religious accommodation within an open, civic national community, as is Catalonia. The study combines an historical, political and philosophical analysis with the aim of making a contribution to the literature on migration studies and interethnic relations, as well as studies of citizenship and nationalism.