Abstract: There is a significant amount of literature on counseling men, yet little has focused on the specific needs of Black males. Because of the lack of training that focuses on the needs of Black men, the different life experiences and cultural differences of many counselors and their Black male clients, and the negative images and stereotypical beliefs about Black men, many counselors have difficulty working with Black male clients. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Black male college students' mistrust, self-disclosure, working alliance, and perceptions of counselor effectiveness. Also, the purpose was to determine if the race or gender of the counselor moderated the relationship between cultural mistrust, self-disclosure, working alliance, and counselor effectiveness. This study predicted that: (1) there would be a relationship between cultural mistrust, self-disclosure, working alliance and counselor effectiveness, (2) counselor gender would moderate the relationship between working alliance, cultural mistrust, self-disclosure, and counselor effectiveness, and (3) counselor race would moderate the relationship between working alliance, cultural mistrust, self-disclosure, and counselor effectiveness. A sample of 151 Black male college students who attended predominantly White 4-year urban universities participated in the study. The results indicated relationships between the working alliance and self-disclosure, and between counselor effectiveness and the working alliance, which is consistent with data that suggest that self-disclosure is pertinent to the development of the therapeutic alliance and to counseling effectiveness. There was a relationship between self-disclosure and counselor effectiveness, which may indicate that the counselor can still be effective even if the client is unwilling to disclose intimate information. The path between working alliance and self-disclosure for the female counselors was significant and positive, indicating that counselor gender influenced this relationship. Furthermore, the path between cultural mistrust and working alliance for the Black counselors was significant and negative, indicating that counselor race influenced this relationship. Overall, the relationship between working alliance and counselor effectiveness was consistent regardless of counselor race or gender. This is consistent with those who suggest that the working alliance between the therapist and the client is one of the most important indicators of successful therapeutic outcomes.