Problem: Uterine factor infertility is most commonly a result of congenital malformations or previous hysterectomy which leaves women without a functional uterus. Currently, the only options available for this form of infertility are adoption or surrogacy; however, they may not be suitable for women with political or religious prohibitions or those who desperately desire to conceive and carry their own biological children. Therefore, uterus transplant may be an option for these women if organ transplantation is acceptable. To date, there have been various animal studies but only one human trial that examines whether uterine transplant can be successfully performed. The purpose of this literature review is to assess if a surgical technique has been developed that could lead to viable human uterine transplant in the future. Methods: A literature search regarding uterine transplantation over the past ten years was performed in the Weill Cornell Medical College Online library. Search terms used include "uterine transplant", "human" and "uterine transplant", "uterus" and" transplant", "human uterine transplant", "infertility" and "transplant", and "uterine factor infertility". Results: Every study analyzed concluded that uterine transplantation could be successfully performed if a modified technique was employed. It was also found that there are specific markers of rejection such as an increase in neutrophils that could be assessed in order to offset the rejection pattern with the use of adequate immunosuppression. Conclusions: Further research on the use of elongated vascular pedicles, adequate uterine support and immunotherapy will likely significantly improve uterine transplant viability.