Caffeine has been shown to have cognitive enhancing properties when administered in acute doses in rats. This study explored the effects of caffeine on a one-trial learning task. The learning task consisted of one learning trial where rats explored a five arm maze and learned the location of a food reward. Twenty-four hours later, rats were given a retention trial in the maze. Rats were tested at the beginning of the lights off period. Rats were given introperitoneal injections of caffeine either immediately, 12 hours, or 24 hours following the learning trial. Rats given caffeine at any time point did not perform significantly different than control rats. However, the change in latency for rats receiving caffeine 12 hours following the learning trail was not significantly different from zero indicating their performance on the retention trial was not significantly changed from the learning trial. This could indicate that caffeine administered at the beginning of lights on period disrupted the sleep of rats and therefore impaired the consolidation of memory.