Listeria monocytogenes causes a rare bacterial infection that affects pregnant women, elderly, and persons with compromised immune systems. It has a high case-fatality rate and is acquired through consumption of contaminated food. The Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) investigates foodborne illness. In 2003, routine interviewing of all patients with listeriosis using a questionnaire for outbreak investigations began (CSTE 2003 position statement ID-01). A descriptive analysis was done on collected information from FoodNet sites during 2004-2006. Of the 282 (88%) non-pregnancy associated cases, 52% were male, and the median age was 67 years. Clinical manifestations included fever (76%), chills (54%), headache (41%), and diarrhea (41%). Eighty-nine percent were hospitalized and 13% died. Case-patients reportedly consumed the following high-risk foods preceding their illness: hot dogs (40%), turkey deli meat (38%), and Mexican-style soft cheese (10%). Results of this analysis are useful for designing prevention messages aimed at persons at-risk for listeriosis.