HIV/AIDS has been an ongoing problem among people of color in the United States where minorities account for 50% of the cases being diagnosed but only 13% of the population (CDC, 2004; U.S. Census Bureau, 2001). As a group, young men who have sex with men (MSM) or those on the "down low" have recently been said to be major contributors of this increased prevalence. We hypothesized that behavior-identity discordant MSM—who do not self-identify as gay, but are sexually attracted to or active with other men—are more likely than their self-gay-identified—or behavior-identity concordant—counterparts, to engage in risky sexual behaviors. In this study of 57 United States-born African-American MSM, we investigated the relationship between risky sexual behaviors and the discordance between sexual behavior, attraction, and identity. Using the Sexual Behavior Checklist, Discovery of Same Sex Attraction and Background Questionnaire, and the Body-Mind-Spirit Well-Being Inventory, we found that discordant African-American MSM in the past 12 months is at least 4 times more likely to have a lower level of risky sexual behavior than a concordant African-American MSM. Our results suggest that the discordance between sexual identity and behavior is related to risky sexual behaviors of African-American MSM. Overall, both groups show high prevalence of specific risky sexual behaviors, including significant prevalence of unprotected anal sex with men. Implications for HIV prevention and future research on African-American MSM are discussed.