In this thesis, we present a physically-based method for the computer graphics simulation of lens flare phenomena in photographic lenses. The proposed method can be used to render lens flares from nearly all types of lenses regardless of optical construction.

The method described in this thesis utilizes the photon mapping technique (Jensen, 2001) to simulate the flow of light within the lens, and captures the visual effects of internal reflections and scattering within (and between) the optical elements. The elements of the lens can be moved, as in a zoom lens, and the simulated lens flare will be modified accurately. Similarly, changes to the focus of the lens will also affect the lens flare, as would be expected in a real camera.

The techniques described can be incorporated into an existing rendering engine without interfering with image generation. All new effects produced can be added upon existing output, and such an overlay maintains physical correctness as lens flares are produced through light paths not previously considered. We present images produced with our technique alongside unoptimized rendering times. At the conclusion of the thesis, we outline the limitations of our method and offer approaches to accelerate the simulation, as well as propose future work in this area.